See messus on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Gascon",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "mes"
},
{
"lang": "Gascon",
"lang_code": "oc-gas",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "messa"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perfect passive participle of metō",
"forms": [
{
"form": "messa",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "messum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "messus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "messa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "messum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "messī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "messae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "messa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "messus"
},
"expansion": "messus (feminine messa, neuter messum); first/second-declension participle",
"name": "la-part"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "messus"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "metō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cut, mowed, reaped"
],
"id": "en-messus-la-verb-TT3eQa8B",
"links": [
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"mowed",
"mowed"
],
[
"reaped",
"reaped"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"declension-2",
"form-of",
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
}
],
"word": "messus"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "meas"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "meas"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"word": "mess"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*medyetor",
"3": "*-tus",
"alt1": "*med-",
"pos2": "verbal noun suffix"
},
"expansion": "*med- + *-tus (verbal noun suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *med- + *-tus (verbal noun suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-u-mf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "messus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "messowes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "messū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "messūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "messum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "messuns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "messowom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messubom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "messubos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messubim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "messubis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*messus m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mess"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-u-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/messus",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "97 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "97 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic terms suffixed with *-tus",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Middle Breton: coms; Breton",
"word": "komz"
},
{
"sense": "Old Irish: comus",
"tags": [
"Irish"
],
"word": "cumas"
},
{
"sense": "Old Irish: comus; Scottish Gaelic",
"word": "comas"
}
],
"glosses": [
"judgement"
],
"id": "en-messus-cel-pro-noun-cel_pro:judgement",
"links": [
[
"judgement",
"judgement"
]
],
"senseid": [
"cel-pro:judgement"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "messus"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"word": "mez"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Breton",
"lang_code": "xbm",
"word": "mes"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"word": "mes"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Cornish",
"lang_code": "cnx",
"word": "mes"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "mes"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "mes"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"word": "*mes"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "meas"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "mess"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "meas"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"word": "mes"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "meas"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "mess"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "meas"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"word": "mess"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"word": "mess"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*meh₁-",
"t": "to measure"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *meh₁- (“to measure”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from a non-Indo-European substrate, as Matasovic finds connections to Proto-Indo-European *meh₁- (“to measure”) and *meh₂d- (“to be wet”) unconvincing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-u-mf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "messus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "messowes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "messū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "messūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "messum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "messuns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "messowom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messubom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "messubos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messubim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "messubis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*messus m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mess"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-u-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/messus",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"acorn, tree fruit, mast."
],
"id": "en-messus-cel-pro-noun-cel_pro:acorn",
"links": [
[
"acorn",
"acorn"
]
],
"senseid": [
"cel-pro:acorn"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "messus"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Gascon",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "mes"
},
{
"lang": "Gascon",
"lang_code": "oc-gas",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "messa"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perfect passive participle of metō",
"forms": [
{
"form": "messa",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "messum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "messus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "messa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "messum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "messī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "messae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "messa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "messus"
},
"expansion": "messus (feminine messa, neuter messum); first/second-declension participle",
"name": "la-part"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "messus"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin first and second declension participles",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin participles",
"Latin perfect participles",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "metō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cut, mowed, reaped"
],
"links": [
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"mowed",
"mowed"
],
[
"reaped",
"reaped"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"declension-2",
"form-of",
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
}
],
"word": "messus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Celtic lemmas",
"Proto-Celtic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Celtic nouns",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from substrate languages",
"Proto-Celtic terms suffixed with *-tus",
"Proto-Celtic u-stem nouns"
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Middle Breton: coms; Breton",
"word": "komz"
},
{
"sense": "Old Irish: comus",
"tags": [
"Irish"
],
"word": "cumas"
},
{
"sense": "Old Irish: comus; Scottish Gaelic",
"word": "comas"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "meas"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "meas"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"word": "mess"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*medyetor",
"3": "*-tus",
"alt1": "*med-",
"pos2": "verbal noun suffix"
},
"expansion": "*med- + *-tus (verbal noun suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *med- + *-tus (verbal noun suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-u-mf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "messus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "messowes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "messū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "messūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "messum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "messuns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "messowom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messubom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "messubos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messubim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "messubis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*messus m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mess"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-u-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/messus",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"judgement"
],
"links": [
[
"judgement",
"judgement"
]
],
"senseid": [
"cel-pro:judgement"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "messus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Celtic lemmas",
"Proto-Celtic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Celtic nouns",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from substrate languages",
"Proto-Celtic u-stem nouns"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"word": "mez"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Breton",
"lang_code": "xbm",
"word": "mes"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"word": "mes"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Cornish",
"lang_code": "cnx",
"word": "mes"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "mes"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "mes"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"word": "*mes"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "meas"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "mess"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "meas"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"word": "mes"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "meas"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "mess"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "meas"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"word": "mess"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"word": "mess"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*meh₁-",
"t": "to measure"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *meh₁- (“to measure”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from a non-Indo-European substrate, as Matasovic finds connections to Proto-Indo-European *meh₁- (“to measure”) and *meh₂d- (“to be wet”) unconvincing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-u-mf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "messus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "messowes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "messū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "messūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "messum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "messuns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "messowom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messubom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "messubos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "messū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "messubim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "messubis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*messus m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mess"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-u-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/messus",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"acorn, tree fruit, mast."
],
"links": [
[
"acorn",
"acorn"
]
],
"senseid": [
"cel-pro:acorn"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "messus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for messus meaning in All languages combined (11.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-10-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-09-20 using wiktextract (ea0d853 and 1ab82da). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.